Château d'Armailhac's prestigious history begins in 1680 when two brothers, Dominique and Guilhem Armailhacq, planted their family estate in Pauillac with grapes. For much of its history, it was known as Mouton d'Armailhacq, and is ranked as a Cinquièmes Cru, or Fifth Growth, in the 1855 Bordeaux Classification. In 1931 Baron Philippe de Rothschild took control of the estate. In 1956 the name was changed to Mouton Baronne Philippe, and then in 1989 the wine was restored to its original identity: Château d'Armailhac.

The vineyards of Château d'Armailhac covers 70 hectares, planted on light, deep gravelly soil over a clay-limestone base, in the north of Pauillac, with 53% Cabernet Sauvignon, 34% Merlot, 11% Cabernet Franc and 2% Petit Verdot. The vines average 46 years of age, and 20% of the vineyard surface area is the same as it was in 1890! All grapes are hand-harvested at optimal ripeness, parcel by parcel, and destemmed before fermentation and aging in French oak barrels, about 25% of which are new. Each vintage is treated differently in the vineyard and cellar, with the d'Armailhac team's experience and knowledge guiding their decisions.